MNEs only tend to migrate to greener activity if force by government Essay

MNEs only tend to migrate to blue jeter activity if force by government regulations - Essay congresswomanThe rest of the essay will present views from both sides of the debate and argue that ultimately a healthy regulative framework is all important(p) if Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) argon to take green standards seriously. In looking to come the topic question, it is useful to peruse sociological scholarship and policy literature on the subject. Conventionally, analyses of the topic make water tended to focus on corporate compliance within existing legislations. Here, it is tacitly assumed that complying with regulations by targeted groups is essential and sufficient for meeting goals of social regulation. (Dahl, 2010, p.248) Another assumption is that business enterprises go out of their way and rectify their green standards only when they are faced with steep penalties for failing to do so. In this analytic framework, corporations are seen as amoral calculators of ri sk and reward for themselves and their primary motive is to maximize profits while minimizing losses in the form of penalties. This used to be the traditional view on corporate compliance. Yet, in recent eld a refreshingly new pattern of corporate behaviour has started to emerge, giving government agencies and social activists re-create hope. (Kagan, et. Al., 2003, p.52) It is becoming apparent that an increasing number of companies now perform, to a greater or lesser extent, beyond compliance with existing regulatory requirements. This suggests that the degree of variation in, and the motivations for, corporate behaviour may be a lot broader than many researchers have imagined previously. This is of practical importance some existing regulatory strategies, in focusing on compliance, have failed to facilitate, reward, or encourage beyond-compliance behaviour, or even inadvertently discourage it, while other regulatory reformers, in contrast, have argued that government-mandated s elf-regulationis the key to progress. (Kagan, et. Al., 2003, p.51) Hence, it could be argued, that MNEs need not always be pushed by government regulations in order to make their activities clean and green. Scholars such as Samuel Loewenberg, on the other hand, are not quite enthused by the record of major corporations (especially those based in the United States), in upholding green standards. The chemical industry in the United States, which is a major contributor to environmental pollution, has been a perpetrator in this regard. While the industry got away with its slack quality and safety standards in its home country, it got into controversies upon opening into the European market. The EU, worried that it does not possess health and environmental data on most of the chemical compounds currently in use, is drawing up legislation that by 2005 will require the industry to subscribe extensive safety tests on 30,000 common chemicals. At least 1,500 are expected to be prohibited or severely restricted in their use as a result. The industry estimates that the testing only will cost it more than $7.5 billion. (Loewenberg, 2003, p.55) MNEs based in the United States, whose present safety norms are supported by Washington, continues to put pressure on the EU to loosen up its standards. In Washington, MNEs wielding insider connections and an abundance of campaign funds are used to wooing legislators and regulators. (Vernon, 2010, p.B04) But this tactic does not